Islam encourages proselytism in various forms. The forms of Chinese religious expression tend to be syncretic and following one religion does not necessarily mean the rejection or denial of others. China hosted religious meetings and conferences including the first World Buddhist Forum in 2006, a number of international Taoist meetings, and local conferences on folk religions. 175-176 Although “heterodox teachings” such as the Falun Gong were banned and practitioners have been persecuted since 1999, local authorities were likely to follow a hands-off policy towards other religions. If Israel would have observed this commandment of the Lord, every Israelite would have been freed from permanent poverty. Modern Chinese political leaders have been deified into the common Chinese pantheon. In the Tang dynasty the concept of Tian became more common at the expense of Di, continuing a tendency that started in the Han dynasty. It was organised by Christian movements which established a separate state in southeast China against the Qing dynasty.

Initially the new government did not suppress religious practice, but viewed popular religious movements as possibly seditious. As a reaction, the Boxer Rebellion at the turn of the century would have been inspired by indigenous Chinese movements against the influence of Christian missionaries-“devils” as they were called by the Boxers-and Western colonialism. Despite this, Tibetan Buddhism began in this period to have significant presence in China, with Tibetan influence in the west, and with the Mongols and Manchus in the north. Both Buddhism and Taoism developed hierarchic pantheons which merged metaphysical (celestial) and physical (terrestrial) being, blurring the edge between human and divine, which reinforced the religious belief that gods and devotees sustain one another. 2007: a survey conducted by the East China Normal University taking into account people from different regions of China, concluded that there were approximately 300 million religious believers (≈31% of the total population), of whom the vast majority ascribable to Buddhism, Taoism and folk religions. According to the results of an official census provided in 1995 by the Information Office of the State Council of China, at that time the Chinese traditional religions were already popular among nearly 1 billion people.

Yu Tao’s survey of the year 2008 provided a detailed analysis of the social characteristics of the religious communities. The New Jersey law was upheld, for it applied “to all its citizens without regard to their religious belief”. There are some major believes in Islam without which belief of a Muslim is not complete. Of the remaining population, 25.2% are fully non-believers or atheists, 2.5% are adherents of Christianity, and 1.6% are adherents of Islam. A U.S. government study declassified in September 2006 says the Iraq war has become a uniting cause for “Muslim jihadists.” The term “jihad” has become a household word throughout much of the world in the last decade, and to many people — especially non-Muslims — it means “holy war,” an attempt to spread the Muslim religion and punish non-believers by violent means. Between 1898 and 1904, the government issued a measure to “build schools with temple property”.

The project took 15 years to build and only stopped because of low funds. During the 1980s, the government took a permissive stance regarding foreign missionaries entering the country under the guise of teachers. The government founded the Confucius Institute in 2004 to promote Chinese culture. Chris White, in a 2017 work for the Max Planck Institute for the Study of Religious and Ethnic Diversity of the Max Planck Society, criticises the data and narratives put forward by these authors. He notices that these authors work in the wake of a “Western evangelical bias” reflected in the coverage carried forward by popular media, especially in the United States, which rely upon a “considerable romanticisation” of Chinese Christians. Their data are mostly ungrounded or manipulated through undue interpretations, as “survey results do not support the authors’ assertions”. There has been much speculation by some Western authors about the number of Christians in China. A large number of the 23 prime ministers who have served Canada have come from either Ontario or Quebec. Using the number example, it can be argued that the first premise is false. Besides the surveys based on fieldwork, estimates using projections have been published by the Pew Research Center as part of its study of the Global Religious Landscape in 2010. This study estimated 21.9% of the population of China believed in folk religions, 18.2% were Buddhists, 5.1% were Christians, 1.8% were Muslims, 0.8% believed in other religions, while unaffiliated people constituted 52.2% of the population.