Whether it is called the Temple Mount or al-Haram al-Sharif, this corner of Jerusalem is the physical overlap between Judaism and Islam. As the historian Rashid Khalidi wrote in 1998 (albeit in a footnote), while there is no “scientific evidence” that Solomon’s Temple existed, “all believers in any of the Abrahamic faiths perforce must accept that it did.”(1) This is so for Muslims, no less than for Christians and Jews. Jews were responsible for all of this filth and degenerate behavior that Hollywood is putting out, turning men into women and women into men… In 1863, he began openly teaching the Baha’i Faith, with its revolutionary messages of the oneness of humanity, the oneness of religion, the equality of men and women, the agreement of science and religion, and the establishment of a global system of governance. If you will do sacred duties like, Fasting then you will feel for the people how are needy and poor then you will try to help them, and payment of Zakat is a system when a large amount of money is transferred to the lower class and they use it for the welfare.

Blaenau Gwent, Rhondda Cynon Taf and Torfaen also saw large increases of no religion with 16.0, 15.5 and 15.4 percentage points respectively. Western and Sunni historians date Shi’ism as a religion to the death of Husayn, the grandson of Muhammad, in the battle of Karbala. Shi’ite historians believe that Shi’ism began shortly after the death of Muhammad, when the Caliphate, or secular leadership of Islam, was handed to Muhammad’s father-in-law, Abu Bakr, rather than ‘Ali, Muhammad’s chosen successor. But during Muhammad’s lifetime, no mosque stood in Jerusalem; the Muslims conquered the city only several years after his death. Later Muslim tradition came to identify “the Farthest Mosque” with Jerusalem. It became the tradition of Islam that Muslims restored the site to its earlier function as a place of supplication venerated by all the prophets, including Abraham, David and Solomon. When Muslims did build a mosque on this hill, Muslim tradition holds that it was built deliberately on the verified site of earlier sanctuaries. This is the textual proof of the isra’, the earthly segment of the Night Journey of the Prophet Muhammad: overnight, Muhammad was miraculously transported, round-trip, from “the Sacred Mosque” (al-Masjid al-Haram)-that is, the Ka’ba (or its vicinity) in Mecca-to “the Farthest Mosque” (al-Masjid al-Aqsa).

Ishmael Muhammad, Farrakhan’s assistant minister at Mosque Maryam in Chicago (and son of former NOI leader Elijah Muhammad), is among the most likely contenders for NOI leadership. Sari Nuseibeh, president of Al-Quds University, has emphasized this original meaning of the site for Muslims: the mosque is the last and final in a series of sanctuaries erected there. This evolved into a mosque-precursor of the later Aksa Mosque. Our present situation brings to mind the Mexican-American war that Lincoln, among so many others, opposed. Roman Catholicism is the state religion of Costa Rica, and Christian values are present in many aspects of daily life. The present-day State of Israel has acknowledged the sanctity of the site for present-day Muslims, in the interest of peace. During these speaking engagements, including his keynote address at the group’s 2011 Saviour’s Day convention, Farrakhan has promoted anti-Semitic charges of Jewish deicide, denied Jewish claim to the word Semite and charged that Blacks, not Jews, are the real children of Israel.

He has also repeated many of his past accusations about Jewish involvement in the transatlantic slave trade and exploitation of Black labor in the cotton trade-accusations he has attempted to bolster by promoting multiple anti-Semitic books, including a second volume of the NOI’s anti-Semitic 1991 work, The Secret Relationship Between Blacks and Jews. His public expressions of anti-Semitism have escalated significantly since 2009, during which time he has delivered several speeches and interviews rife with conspiracy theories about Jews and Israel, and about Jewish control of government, finance and entertainment. World history textbooks tend to blissfully ignore the Shi’ite adventure through history, but the minority Shi’ites have played a determining role in Islamic and world history. In the twentieth century, a large number of new religions developed in Korea, many of which have taken root and are now coexisting along with the other more established religions. By the time Elijah Muhammad died in 1975, the NOI had a large following across the country. Despite this record, the NOI has been given a measure of legitimacy by some political and media figures.